Thrombosis- Your Ultimate Guide

Cardiac Surgery | by Dr. Manoj Kumar Daga | Published on 28/07/2023

Introduction

Have you ever wondered how thrombosis occurs? No? Then, picture an intricate network of byways and highways running all over your body, allowing for the smooth transition of important substances such as nutrients ad oxygen. These highways are your blood vessels and play an important role to sustain life. They also deliver vital constituents to every organ and tissue present in the body. However, like any complex system, things can at times go against the body system and that’s where thrombosis makes its entry. 

Thrombosis is a condition when a blood clot is formed within a blood vessel, restricting the blood normal flow. The body has the efficiency to form blood clots to stop bleeding after an injury, but, sometimes this functionality can lead to malfunction or overactive causing serious consequences. 

In this blog, our goal is to shed light on thrombosis. Its impact, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Before initiating the discussion, kindly note that, in this blog, you will find information related to thrombosis and it doesn’t construe with the doctor’s consultation. If you are diagnosed with thrombosis and looking for treatment, book your appointment best cardiologist in Kolkata with BM Birla Heart Research Centre in Kolkata, the best cardiac center in the Eastern region.

What is thrombosis?

Thrombosis is the blood clot formation inside one of the blood vessels or a heart chamber. Clots can obstruct the blood flow in blood vessels or transit somewhere in the body. If the clot is stuck in a location that is crucial such as the brain or lungs, then it can cause blood flow disruption to the organ. It might create a life-threatening emergency. The symptoms of this condition vary depending on the location of a clot. It is important to understand that thrombosis is a severe condition and can be very hazardous with time. It requires immediate medical help if it becomes serious suddenly. 

What are the two types of thrombosis?

There are two primary types of thrombosis and it includes: 

• Arterial thrombosis: This type occurs when there is a formation of blood clots in the artery. The arteries are responsible for carrying blood from the heart throughout the body. This type is one of the most common causes of strokes and heart attacks. 
• Venous thrombosis: This type happens when there is a formation of blood clots in a vein. Veins are responsible for carrying blood back to the heart from the body. Venous thrombosis is the primary reason for pulmonary embolism.

What are thrombosis symptoms?

Every individual has their body type so when a condition like thrombosis occurs, the symptoms might vary depending on the patient’s history, causes, etc. However, there are common thrombosis symptoms which include: 

• Leg or arm swelling 
• Severe chest pain or throbbing pain 
• Weakness and numbness in the body 
• Abrupt changes in the mental condition
• Pain in one leg 

The thrombosis symptoms might appear like other blood disorders or health issues. Hence, it is recommended to get in touch with a healthcare expert for diagnosis.

What are thrombosis causes?

There are various factors for thrombosis causes that include: 

• A broken bone or fracture 
• Medications
• Obesity 
• Immobility or no ability to move at all 
• Illness or injury to the leg veins 
• Autoimmune disorders 
• Inherited disorders
• Medications increase the risk of clotting 

How is thrombosis diagnosed?

The doctor will begin the thrombosis diagnosis by taking the medical history and a physical assessment test. Here are some of the recommended tests: 

• Ultrasound- This test involves sound waves to determine the blood flow in the veins and arteries. 

• Blood tests: In this test, the doctor tries to identify how well the blood can cause clotting. 

• Venography: A dye is injected into the veins to perform this test. Through X-rays, blood flow can be seen and determine clotting. The dye makes it simpler to view the X-ray images. 

• MRI, MRA, or CT: During this procedure, the test that is used depends on the blood clot type and its location.

What are the options for thrombosis treatment?

When it comes to thrombosis treatment, the recommended options vary depending on the symptoms, type, and location. However, usually recommended treatment involves surgeries, medications, and minimally invasive surgeries. Possible thrombosis treatment options are: 

• Blood thinners- These medications help in keeping the blood from clotting efficiently. However, they cannot help with the existing clot but can avert it from developing. Usually, there are two categories of blood thinners that involve anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs. 
• Thrombolytic therapy-This treatment option involves the use of medications that help in dissolving blood clots in crucial areas. They work as an emergency treatment option for thrombosis complications, strokes, and heart attacks.
• Thrombectomy- It is among the direct methods for clot removal used by surgeons. Surgeons involve the use of minimally invasive methods or open surgery techniques. 

There might be a need for additional treatment to treat thrombosis complications. The doctor would be able to explain what is required and why is it necessary. 

Conclusion

Thrombosis is a serious life-threatening condition that requires prompt medical attention. All you can do is putting effort to prevent the condition. However, it cannot be always prevented, so being mindful of the symptoms assist in seeking medical care on time. If you think that you might be suffering from thrombosis, then schedule your appointment at BM Birla Heart Research Centre in Kolkata for the right diagnosis and treatment options.

FAQs

 

Is thrombosis serious?

Yes, thrombosis is a serious and life-threatening condition that requires medical attention immediately after it is diagnosed. 

How does stasis cause thrombosis?

Statis causes thrombosis by reducing the blood flow and accumulating procoagulant proteases like thrombin.