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Mitral Valve ReplacementIn Kolkata

What is Mitral Valve Replacement?

An open mitral valve replacement is a procedure for replacing a poorly functioning mitral valve with an artificial one. The mitral valve is one of the valves in the heart among others. It assists in the proper functioning of blood flow through the heart and the body. It lies between the left ventricle and the left atrium. If the valve is not functioning well, it puts too much stress on the heart making it difficult for the blood to circulate healthily.

If you often experience shortness of breath, light-headedness, or rapid heartbeat, book your appointment with one of the best cardiac specialists in Kolkata at CMRI for proper diagnosis and effective treatment solutions.

Benefits of Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery

The benefits of mitral valve replacement surgery are profound and multi-faceted such as: 

  • Alleviate symptoms associated with mitral valve disease, such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and heart palpitations.

  • Successful replacement helps restore normal heart function

  • Improves overall cardiac efficiency and reduces the risk of heart failure. 

  • Helps improve the quality of life, including increased physical activity tolerance and reduced hospital admissions for heart-related issues. 

  • Addresses the valve dysfunction, the surgery prevents further damage to the heart and other organs.

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Types of Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery

Two main types of prosthetic valves involve mechanical valves and bioprosthetic (tissue) valves:

  • Mechanical valves are made from durable materials and can last a lifetime, but they require lifelong anticoagulant medication. 
  • Bioprosthetic valves, derived from animal tissues, generally last 10-20 years and usually do not require long-term anticoagulation.

Why is Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery Performed?

When there are issues with the mitral valve, it is known as mitral valve disease. For some individuals, the disease is silent and they don’t experience any symptoms until it becomes severe. When symptoms occur, they usually experience issues like light-headedness, shortness of breath, and increased heartbeat. There are two forms of mitral valve illness: which is mitral valve stenosis- this form causes less flow of blood through the heart chambers, and mitral valve regurgitation which indicates that there is a blood leakage in the mitral valve. There are health conditions which increase the demand for surgery:

  • Coronary artery disease
  • Rheumatic fever
  • Heart failure
  • An infection in the heart valves
  • Mitral valve prolapses

There are various factors which lead to mitral valve replacement surgery. In certain cases, the illness is simply an outcome of ageing and the mitral valve wearing out. Here is why the surgery is done:

When a patient has severe regurgitation (leaky valve)

  • Leaky valve causing symptoms
  • Heart enlargement
  • Severe mitral valve stenosis with severe symptoms

Cost of Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery

The cost of mitral valve replacement surgery can vary widely based on factors such as geographic location, the type of hospital, the choice between a mechanical or bioprosthetic valve, and the patient's overall health status. In India, the cost can range from INR 3,00,000-8,00,000, including pre-operative evaluations, the surgery itself, and post-operative care. Insurance coverage, including Medicare and Medicaid, often covers a significant portion of the cost, but patients may still need to consider co-pays, deductibles, and other out-of-pocket expenses. Patients must discuss financial aspects with their healthcare providers and insurance companies to understand the specific costs involved.

Risks & Complications of Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery

Various mitral valve replacement complications can be experienced by the patient with mitral valve illness if left untreated:

  • Heart stroke
  • Infection
  • Heart failure
  • Bleeding
  • Irregular heart rhythms

Pre-Instructions of Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery 

The healthcare team and the doctor help the patient prepare for the surgery. It is vital to follow the doctor’s instructions. They will ask the patient to follow these steps:

  • Don’t take medications in the weeks leading up to the surgery
  • The patient must ensure not to smoke before the procedure
  • Using antimicrobial soap for bathing the night before the surgery
  • Taking prescribed medications on the surgery day
  • Don’t eat and drink after a particular time on the surgery day

What Happens During Mitral Valve Repair Surgery?

During the mitral valve replacement procedure, the surgeon will begin fixing one or more problems with the patient’s valve. There are various mitral valve replacement procedure steps following during the surgery and they are:

  • Anaesthesia is given to the patient during surgery to put him/her asleep.
  • The patient is hooked up to a cardiopulmonary bypass machine so that it can replace the functions of the heart and lungs during the surgery
  •  The surgeon will make an incision in the chest between the patient’s rib. The incisions depend on the surgical method.
  • Next, the surgeon will put an annuloplasty ring across the valve.
  • Following the procedure, the surgeon ensures repairing the mitral valve with the use of surgical techniques like an annuloplasty, triangular or quadrangular resection, and chordal repair.
  • The surgeon will check if the valve is completely repaired to ensure a mitral valve replacement success rate. The adjustments are made accordingly if required.
  • To put an end to the procedure, the patient is disconnected from the bypass machine so that the heart and lungs can return to their normal functioning again.
  • Lastly, a Transesophageal echocardiogram is performed by the surgeon to inspect the valve and ensure repair success

Recovery after Mitral Valve Replacement 

After the mitral valve replacement surgery, the patient can expect:

  • Spend around one or two days in the intensive care unit. The healthcare team monitors the patient and assesses the improvement by checking the pulse, breathing, and other vitals.
  • The patient may have to spend more days in the hospital for recovery.
  • Learning about cardiac rehab and how to care for the incisions after getting discharged
  • The majority of patients recover in the hospital within a week after the valve replacement surgery.

Why Should You Choose BM Birla Heart Research Hospital for Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery in Kolkata?

BM Birla Heart Research Centre is a super speciality hospital with modern infrastructure and state-of-the-art technology in Kolkata. BM Birla Heart Research Centre is the only hospital offering valvular surgery in the entire Eastern India. With a 200+ bed capacity, cardiac care, atrial fibrillation services, cath labs, and modular OTs, BM Birla Heart Research Centre has made a mark with its singular focus on the treatment of a variety of ailments. 

Here are a few advantages of choosing BM Birla Heart Research Centre for Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery in Kolkata-

  • Highly qualified and experienced experts
  • Cutting-edge technology and the latest medical equipment
  • Transparent pricing structure for cost-effective treatment. 
  • Patient-centric high-quality care for a high success rate

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FAQs

What is the success rate of heart valve replacement surgery?

The success rate of heart valve replacement surgery is over 95%. The results depend on different factors like the general health of a patient, the type of valve involved, and the extent of the surgery.

 

Why does the heart valve shrink?

Heart valves shrinking occur because of calcification or fibrosis, usually due to ageing, infection, or inflammatory conditions. This process referred to as stenosis causes the valve to narrow, impeding blood flow and aggravating the amount of work on the heart.

 

How long can you live with heart valve replacement?

Most patients live 10-20 years or more, depending on age, general well-being, and the kind of valve (biological or mechanical) with successful heart valve replacement. Regular medical follow-up is crucial to ensure long-term health and valve function monitoring.

 

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