Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Have you ever imagined your heart's arteries narrowing, blocking the flow of oxygen-rich blood to where it's needed? Heart attacks, excruciating chest pain, or even potentially fatal situations could result from this blockage. Millions of people worldwide suffer from coronary artery disease, which is the cause of these blockages. Approximately, more than 400,000 CABG procedures are carried out each year. 

CADs are treated by one of the most common procedures known as Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG). This complex, yet life-saving, surgery gives your heart a second chance at beating by rerouting blood around the clogged arteries. We will in this blog explore CABG surgery's indications, and benefits, as it's one of the most reliable cardiac procedures available for heart-related issues. If you or anyone from your family is struggling with heart related issue, feel free to reach out to us and book an appointment with our Best Cardiac surgeon in Jaipur at CK Birla Hospital. 

What is coronary artery bypass surgery?

Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery or CABG is a medical procedure that is used to treat coronary artery disease (CAD). In Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), the arteries that carry oxygenated blood to the heat either become narrowed or blocked due to cholesterol accumulation. Due to the buildup of cholesterol, the artery gets narrowed due to which oxygen and nutrients are unable to reach the heart. In some cases, where the blockage is minor, simple lifestyle changes can help to get rid of the deposited fat.

What are the benefits of coronary artery bypass surgery?

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is a life-saving option for patients with severe heart disease. This common procedure addresses blocked arteries and restores blood flow to the heart, preventing heart attacks and other complications. This procedure is especially beneficial for patients who aren’t ideal candidates for less invasive treatments like stents or angioplasty. Here are the key benefits:

Why is there a need for coronary artery bypass surgery?

There are several symptoms of coronary artery bypass surgery that tell that your body is in discomfort and requires immediate attention. When you notice such symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor. Some of the signs include:

• Heart palpitations
• Chest pain
• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath
• Swelling in hands and feet
• Indigestion

What are the types of coronary artery bypass grafts?

• Arterial graft: Internal thoracic arteries are the most common type of graft used in bypass surgery. It is used for its success rate and best long-term results. Another artery used for a bypass is the radial artery (arm). Most people do not have any problem with it and it has no side effects.
• Vein Grafts: Saphenous veins are present in our legs and are also used as a graft in bypass surgery. It requires a minimum incision, faster recovery, and less scarring.

How is coronary artery bypass surgery performed?

The nurse and doctors first prepare you for the surgery. Then the anesthesiologist gives you some anaesthesia and monitors your blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and oxygen level during the surgery. After going through the normal surgical protocols the doctors then clean the skin surface with an antiseptic solution. The best cardiac surgeon in Jaipur makes some incisions and cuts open the skin in half near the breast bone to expose the heart. 

Once the heart is exposed to the problem that can be seen, the surgeon then inserts tubes to pump out the blood to a heart-lung bypass machine. Then the surgeon proceeds with the bypass graft procedure by sewing one section of the vein over a tiny opening made in the aorta and the other end in the coronary artery just below the blockage. The surgeon basically creates a new pathway for the blood to flow in case of a severe blockage. The number of grafts or bypasses depends upon the number of blockages. The surgeon releases the blood black to the heart, removes the tubes, and adds a pacemaker to initially analyse the recovery that can be removed later on. 

What are the risks of a heart bypass surgery?

The table below offers an overview of possible risks of coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, but it's crucial to discuss individual risks with a healthcare expert. Here's a table:

What should you expect during recovery after coronary artery bypass surgery? 

You can aid in your recovery and work toward a stronger, healthier heart by adhering to the following recommendations given in the table. It is essential to contact your healthcare team with any questions or concerns:

Conclusion

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) can be intimidating, but it's a necessary step toward enhancing your general well-being and cardiac health. Recovering from a disease takes time and patience; so remember to take care of yourself. The greatest result can be ensured by following your doctor's instructions, leading a heart-healthy lifestyle, and scheduling frequent check-ups. Your family, friends, and medical team are always there to assist you during this journey; you are not alone. You will be back to enjoying life with a stronger, healthier heart if you take it day by day and receive the proper care on time.

FAQs

 

Is CABG open heart surgery?

Yes, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a type of open-heart surgery. To increase blood flow, the surgeon opens the chest to access the heart and reroutes blood around clogged arteries. It's frequently used to treat severe cases of coronary artery disease.

Foods to avoid after coronary bypass surgery?

After bypass surgery, it's crucial to stay away from meals rich in cholesterol, trans fats, and saturated fats after bypass surgery. Fried meals, processed snacks, red meat, and dairy items with full fats fall under this category. You must prioritise heart-healthy foods such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and lean meats. 

What is the recovery time?

CABG usually takes six to twelve weeks, depending on personal health circumstances. It may take several months for patients to fully recover and return to work, but they can gradually resume their regular activities as they heal. For long-term heart health, lifestyle changes and follow-up care are crucial. 

When is bypass surgery required?

When coronary arteries are significantly constricted or obstructed, preventing the heart from receiving enough blood, bypass surgery is necessary. It is frequently advised when there is a high risk of a heart attack or when lifestyle modifications or medicines are not enough to control symptoms like chest pain.