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Endometrial Cancer - Your Ultimate Guide

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Endometrial Cancer - Your Ultimate Guide

Obstetrics and Gynaecology | by Dr. Parnamita Bhattacharya | Published on 29/11/2023



Introduction

Have you been experiencing irregular vaginal bleeding or abdominal cramps? If yes, then it might indicate a condition called endometrial cancer. It is known to be among the most common cancer types among women and gynecological cancers. The frequency differs depending on the age and other risk factors. Hence, you need to obtain the necessary information about endometrial cancer so that you can follow certain steps to prevent the risks. 

Endometrial cancer is very common in females after menopause. However, it can still impact women at any age. With frequent check-ups and knowledge, it can be detected early and treated on time. You can book your appointment with one of the best multispeciality hospitals, The Calcutta Medical Research Institute in Kolkata. They have a team of the best and most talented gynecologists offering the most exceptional treatment and patient care. 

Please note that the information given in this write-up is entirely research-based and we do not construe the doctor’s consultation in any way. 

What is endometrial cancer?

Endometrial cancer is one of the cancer types that occur as the development of cells in the female uterus. It is also referred to as uterine cancer. They begin in the uterus lining known as the endometrium. It is one of the most common cancers and usually happens in postmenopausal females. It has other types such as uterine sarcoma, however, they are not very common like endometrial cancer. 

Usually, this cancer type is detected in its initial stage because of noticeable symptoms like vaginal bleeding or serious pelvic pain. 

If you suffer from endometrial cancer, then you must get in touch with a healthcare expert at the earliest. If diagnosed early, then doctors can recommend the treatment suitable for your condition. You can consult one of the best gynecologists in kolkata at CMRI Hospital, Kolkata.

What are the endometrial cancer symptoms?

You must be aware of the symptoms as often they are misinterpreted as other reproductive conditions. If you experience abnormal pain or vaginal bleeding, get in touch with your doctor as soon as possible. An appropriate diagnosis is essential so that you can receive the proper treatment on time.

Here are some of the symptoms of endometrial cancer you need to notice: 

  • Vaginal bleeding during periods 
  • Abdominal pain in the lower area or severe cramps in the pelvic region 
  • Spotting or vaginal bleeding after menopause 
  • Severely extended, heavy, and regular vaginal bleeding among women who are above 40
  • Vaginal discharge that is thin, white, or clear

What are the causes of endometrial cancer?

As per some studies and healthcare experts, the right cause of endometrial cancer hasn’t been found yet. However, it is believed that certain changes occur in the uterus cells. The changed cells develop and keep multiplying leading to the formation of a mass referred to as a tumor. 

Some factors are identified that contribute to the development of endometrial cancer such as obesity, age, hormonal imbalances, and a history of other conditions like polycystic ovarian syndrome. If you are identified to be at a high risk of uterine cancer, you must not delay your visit to the doctor and implement steps that can help you in preventing the risk. 

How is endometrial cancer diagnosed?

Initially, it is recommended that after consulting your doctor you must provide the details related to endometrial cancer. Based on the symptoms, the doctor will determine your symptoms, risk factors, and family history. The doctor will also involve performing a physical and pelvic examination. 

To confirm the diagnosis, here are some of the tests your doctor might involve: 

  • CA-125 assay- It is a protein test that assists in measuring the amount of CA-125 indicating cancer in the body. 
  • Imaging tests- CT scan to obtain detailed body images, MRI scans to create images, and transvaginal ultrasound to obtain the uterus pictures are ordered.
  • Other tests- Endometrial biopsy, hysteroscopy, and dilation & curettage are recommended.

What are the options available for endometrial cancer treatment?

When it comes to the treatment of endometrial cancer, most women require surgery. The specific treatment plan is based on the cancer type and overall well-being. Here are some options often involved in the endometrial cancer treatment: 

  • Chemotherapy- Involved drugs that help in destroying cancerous cells.
  • Radiation therapy- To destroy cancer cells, it transmits radiation beams. 
  • Hormonal therapy- This option involves blocks and hormones for treating cancer. 
  • Immunotherapy- With this treatment, your immune system can fight the cancer. 
  • Targeted therapy- It involves medication to target particular cancer cells to prevent them from multiplying.

Surgery is often the main treatment option for endometrial cancer. If you have uterine cancer, chances are a hysterectomy will be performed for your uterus and cervix removal. Four types of hysterectomy surgical procedures are involved such as: 

  • Total abdominal hysterectomy 
  • Vaginal hysterectomy 
  • Radical hysterectomy 
  • Minimally invasive hysterectomy 

During the process of hysterectomy, the doctor usually also involves performing other surgical procedures such as bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for ovaries and fallopian tube removal. The second procedure is lymph node dissection for lymph node removal and preventing the cancer from spreading. 

Conclusion

After getting diagnosed with Endometrial cancer, certainly, it can overwhelm a person with countless emotions. It is one of the most common cancers that affect women’s reproductive system. With the right treatment option, it can be treated on time. So, if you have uterine cancer, then consult your doctor at the earliest so that they can provide you with the right treatment. 

Also, you mustn’t feel apprehensive if surgery is recommended which is often the right solution. You can talk to anyone you feel comfortable with, your friends, spouse, family, or relatives. Just keep in mind that you will fight it and come out again as a healthy being. 

Faqs

 

Is endometrial cancer very curable?

Yes, endometrial cancer is curable with surgical procedures like hysterectomy if detected in its initial stage. 

What is the most common symptom of endometrial cancer?

One of the most common symptoms of endometrial cancer is vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, cramps in the abdominal area, etc. 

Is endometrial cancer serious?

Most endometrial cancer can be cured easily but can get serious if left untreated for a longer time.