PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome): What You Should Know

Obstetrics and Gynaecology | by Dr. Archana Sinha | Published on 19/12/2022

Introduction

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder affecting millions of females all around the globe. It is an intricate condition with several symptoms and probable long-term health complications. In this blog post, we will delve into the comprehensive information of PCOS, exploring its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and lifestyle management strategies. By understanding PCOS better, females can empower themselves and promote a healthier life. But before we start, it is important to note that finding the right treatment plays an essential role for this condition. So, if you are someone looking for the PCOS treatment and management, then get in touch with one of the best multi specialty hospitals in Kolkata, The Calcutta Medical Research Institute.

What is PCOS?

PCOS is one of the common endocrine disorders affecting the ovaries and hormonal balance in females. It is determined by an excessive androgens formation (male hormones) and an imbalance in female reproductive hormones which include estrogen and progesterone. This hormonal imbalance causes disruption in the regular ovulation process, resulting in the small cysts production on the ovaries.

What are PCOS causes?

The exact PCOS cause hasn’t been comprehended completely yet, but there are various factors contributing to its development. All these factors include: 

• Insulin Resistance: It is a condition in which the cells of the body don’t respond to insulin and is usually linked with PCOS. This resistance leads to the development of increased levels of insulin stimulating the ovaries for producing more androgens. 
• Hormonal Imbalance: PCOS is determined by androgen levels like testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin levels (SHBG), binding to testosterone. It is a hormonal imbalance which leads to affecting the normal ovulation and regular periods among females. 
• Genetic Predisposition: It is a genetic constituent to PCOS, as the condition is passed on to the next generation of families. 
• Inflammation: Chronic low-grade inflammation in the body also plays a vital role in the PCOS development in females.

What are the most common PCOS symptoms?

PCOS symptoms might vary from woman to woman, however, there are some common symptoms which are usually experienced by females. Here are these common symptoms: 

• Irregular Menstrual Cycle: Females with PCOS usually experience irregular menstruation cycles which might range from prolonged periods to eight periods yearly.
• Excessive Hair Growth: Increased androgens formation causes hirsutism leading to hair development in the neck, face, chest, or abdomen. 
• Acne and Oily Skin: Hormonal imbalances lead to enhanced production of sebum causing oily and acne prone skin. 
• Weight Gain: Insulin resistance and hormonal fluctuations causes difficulty when it comes to maintaining a healthy weight, and causes weight gain. 
• Infertility: PCOS is among the primary infertility causes in women because of irregular or absent ovulation.

How is PCOS diagnosed?

PCOS diagnosis inculcates evaluation of medical history, physical assessment, and laboratory tests. The diagnostic procedure commonly performed by healthcare professionals includes the presence of two out of three features which are irregular periods, clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism signs, and polycystic ovaries identified through ultrasound imaging.

What are the options for PCOS treatment?

The main emphasis of PCOS treatment and management involves alleviating symptoms, regulating menstrual cycles, managing weight, and assessing fertility issues. There are certain treatment options which includes:

• Medications: It involves drugs like hormonal contraceptives, anti-androgen medications, and insulin-sensitizing are often recommended for hormone regulation, reducing androgen levels, and improving insulin sensitivity. 
• Fertility Treatments: There are several assisted reproductive technologies (ART) if fertility is an issue. The treatment options include ovulation induction medications, IVF, IUI, ICSI, etc.
• Surgical Interventions: In certain cases, ovarian wedge resection or drilling is performed for stimulating ovulation. 
• Lifestyle Management Strategies: Additionally, lifestyle changes are usually recommended as a treatment option other than medical interventions. It involves adopting certain lifestyle strategies that can relevantly enhance PCOS symptoms and overall well-being. It includes healthy eating, regular exercise, stress management, sleep hygiene, etc.

Conclusion

Since there is no cure available for PCOS, comprehending its causes, symptoms, and treatment options helps females to take control of their health and manage the condition in a better way. By involving a healthy lifestyle, finding medical assistance, and building a support system, females with PCOS can lead satisfactory lives and reduce the impact of this condition on their overall well-being. Always know that every female’s experience with PCOS is different, and it is important to consult with healthcare professionals like CMRI, Kolkata for an appropriate diagnosis and personalized treatment plan.

FAQs

How to cure PCOS permanently?

No sure is available for PCOS, however it can be managed by following and changing lifestyle habits. 

How to lose weight with PCOS?

It is recommended to eat proteins, leafy vegetables, exercising daily, reduce carbs intake, eating healthy fats, practicing mindful eating when trying to lose weight with PCOS. 

Can I get pregnant with PCOS?

Yes, certainly one can easily get pregnant with PCOS as infertility is treatable in females.