Why Asthma Becomes Worse In Winter & Ways To Get Relief?

Pulmonology | Posted on 12/08/2022 by Dr. Rakesh Godara

Overview

Since we’re almost at the beginning of the winter season, sudden shifts in the air temperature and quality can pose challenges for people with respiratory disorders. Even worse for people suffering from asthma. Cold temperatures can irritate your nasal passage resulting in increased mucus production. You might think staying indoors will help, but that’s not true. In addition, cold and flu viruses can also increase the risk of respiratory disorders and trigger severe asthma symptoms. 

Does Asthma Worsen in winter?

During bleak winters, north India is one of the most polluted regions of the world with the air quality index rising to almost 300. This can pose serious respiratory issues and trigger breathing problems. Asthma triggers in winter due to the following reasons - 

Dry air outside - Your lung airways are protected by a fluid layer that can evaporate from exposure to cold air. The airways become inflamed and cause the muscles inside to spasm, resulting in breathing problems. In fact, a walk in the park can sometimes trigger asthma and cough as you breathe in the cold air. 

Respiratory illness - The respiratory airway also constitutes a protective layer of mucus that thickens due to infection or flu. These infections trigger the layer of mucus which thickens it causing obstruction to the airways. This increases the chances of getting respiratory illness which can be worse for asthmatic patients. 

How to control Asthma in winter?

If you suffer from asthma, winters will be brutal for you. Winters can literally take your breath away. But there are simple methods that can make big difference and keep you away from breathing issues. Here is how you can breathe easier during cold temperatures and prevent asthma symptoms - 

• Drink a lot of water, soup, and decaffeinated tea to keep yourself hydrated.
• Encourage hygienic habits like frequently washing your hands with soap and water to prevent flu and other respiratory illness.
• Avoid breathing through your mouth when you’re outside. Several pollutants can enter your lungs through the mouth causing respiratory issues. 
• In case you are allergic to pet hair, limit your time around furry animals which can cause nasal congestion. 
• Invest in a humidifier for your home to keep the air clean especially when you’re asleep.
• Get regular checkups with the doctor regarding your symptoms to prevent chronic respiratory illness
• Take your medicines regularly without skipping any doses. 
• Carry your inhaler, if you have to.
• Encourage breathing exercises and yoga which can regulate your breathing.
• Get yourself vaccinated against the flu. 

Is asthma worse in summer or winter?

Depending on your medical history of respiratory illness and the severity of the condition, asthma symptoms are triggered more in winter than in summer. Since the air is cold outside, it usually causes nasal congestion due to the thickening of mucus. On the other hand, people with asthma may not experience any severe symptoms during the summer season as the air is hot and humid. This can keep the nasal passage moist and functioning.