Male Circumcision: Benefits, Procedure & Recovery

Renal Sciences | by Dr. Pankaj Kumar Gupta | Published on 02/07/2024

For thousands of years, across various religions and cultures, a common surgical procedure called male circumcision has been performed. It is estimated that approximately 37–39% of males are circumcised around the globe, as per a study. Male circumcision is the surgical removal of the foreskin, or the tissue that covers the penis's head. It's an ancestral custom that was formed with religious rituals. Nowadays, a lot of parents circumcise their children for moral or other reasons. While it is usually performed with cultural or religious motives, some might undergo this surgical procedure for clinical purposes as well. If you want your baby to be circumcised, book your appointment with experienced urologists in Kolkata at The CMRI Hospital for expert care, state-of-the-art facilities, and a safe surgical experience.

In this blog, we aim to offer a comprehensive outline of male circumcision surgery, involving its benefits, why it is performed, risks, pre-instructions, surgical process, recovery, etc. However, please note that this is for informational purposes only and does not replace the significance of a urology doctor’s consultation. 

What is Male Circumcision Surgery?

Male circumcision is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the foreskin, the retractable fold of tissue covering the penis head, also known as the glans. This procedure is often performed on newborn babies, however, it can be done at any age. The surgery can be carried out in a medical setting by a healthcare professional with the use of a sterile method to reduce risks. The complete procedure does not take more than thirty minutes.

What are the Benefits of Male Circumcision Surgery?

There are several health benefits associated with male circumcision, including:

• Helps to reduce the risk of urinary tract infections or the possibility of developing UTIs, mainly in infancy.
• Eliminates the risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections, that also includes HIV.
• Prevents different penile issues or conditions like phimosis also known as a tight foreskin that is not retractable and balanitis, which is glans inflammation.
• Reduced risk of penile cancer, however, is rare.
• Improved hygiene 

Why is Male Circumcision Surgery Performed?

As already discussed, the male circumcision procedure is often performed on newborn babies for different motives that could be personal or religious. In older children and adults, the surgery is performed for similar reasons. However, for some children or adults, this surgery is performed for certain conditions:

• Swelling of the foreskin, also known as balanitis 
• Inefficiency to retract the foreskin, that is phimosis 
• The incapability to return a retracted foreskin to its actual position, also referred to as paraphimosis 
• Inflammation in the foreskin of the penis and tip, it is known as balanoposthitis 

If we talk about medical requirements for circumcision in healthy newborn babies, there is no need then. But, some parents choose to circumcise their babies for several reasons. Among all other reasons, the most common are religious beliefs and traditions. This religious practice is majorly performed in Judaism and Islam. There are other reasons also for why this surgery is performed such as personal choice, aesthetic preference, to reduce the risk of certain conditions, and the wish of some fathers to have their sons appearance like them. 

What are the Risks and Complications of Male Circumcision Surgery?

Despite being a safe surgical procedure, male circumcision might involve some possible risks and complications, particularly if not treated on time in cases of a medical need:

• Circumcision also carries a risk of infection like any other surgery.
• Slight bleeding is considered normal, but excessive bleeding might indicate a matter of concern.
• Post-operative pain is common but can be managed with medication.
• When too much or too little foreskin is removed, there might be a need for another surgery.
• Adhesions and skin bridges can occur if the remaining skin sticks to the glans.
• The opening of the urethra can become narrowed, however, is rare.

What are Pre-Instructions for Male Circumcision Surgery?

Here are the pre-instructions for male circumcision surgery:

• Discussions with the healthcare provider to understand the procedure, risks, and benefits.
• A complete medical assessment is involved to confirm if the patient is fit for surgery.
• Patients may be asked to fast before the procedure at least eight hours before the surgery depending on their age and health condition.
• Instructions regarding any medication intake should be avoided or taken before surgery.

What Happens During Male Circumcision Surgery?

During the surgery, the following steps are typically performed:

• Local or general anaesthesia is given to reduce pain.
• Sterilisation and cleaning of the genital area is done.
• The foreskin is then clenched, and an incision is made for its removal.
• Cauterization or sutures are involved to control the signs of bleeding.
• Lastly, the edges of the remaining skin are sutured together.

What Does Recovery Look Like After Male Circumcision Surgery?

Recovery after male circumcision surgery differs with age:

• For newborns, recovery might take around seven to ten days.
• For older children and adults, healing might require around two to four weeks. 

What Precautions Should Be Taken After Male Circumcision Surgery?

Post-operative care should be ensured for a smooth recovery, here is what you can do:

• Make sure to keep the area clean and dry.
• Always adhere to the provider’s instructions for changing dressings.
• Do not get involved in strenuous activities and follow instructions on resuming regular activities.
• Take prescribed medications on time to avert the risk of infection and manage pain.
• Go for follow-up appointments to track recovery and address any issues.

Conclusion

Male circumcision is a common practice with major medical, cultural, and religious significance. Even though it is usually safe, understanding its advantages, risks, and appropriate aftercare is important to achieving positive outcomes. Consulting a urologist can ensure that circumcision is carried out securely and effectively by providing personalized information and guidance. 

FAQs-

 

Does circumcision cure premature ejaculation?

Circumcision does not cure premature ejaculation, however, studies suggest it may impact sexual sensitivity, but there is no conclusive evidence that circumcision effectively treats premature ejaculation. Hence, it is crucial to consult a healthcare expert for proper diagnosis and treatment options.

Can male circumcision cause infertility?

Male circumcision does not cause infertility. The procedure involves the foreskin removal and does not influence the reproductive organs or their function.