Diabetic Nephropathy

In the early stages, there are often no clear symptoms. That’s why regular check-ups are important if you have diabetes. As the disease progresses, you may notice:

• Swelling in the feet, ankles, hands or eyes
• Tiredness or weakness
• Nausea or vomiting
• Loss of appetite
• Difficulty sleeping
• Dry and itchy skin
• Needing to urinate more often, especially at night
• Shortness of breath

If the condition gets worse, these symptoms can become more severe. You may also see changes in the amount or colour of your urine.

High blood sugar levels over a long period of time can damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys. These blood vessels are responsible for filtering waste. When they are damaged, the kidneys cannot work properly.

Other factors that can increase your risk include:

• High blood pressure
• Smoking
• High cholesterol
• A family history of kidney disease
• Being overweight
• Not managing your diabetes well

All these factors put extra pressure on the kidneys and speed up the damage.

The goal of treatment is to slow the damage and keep the kidneys working as long as possible. While there is no cure, proper care can help manage the disease and reduce complications.

Here are the main ways diabetic nephropathy is treated:

• Control Blood Sugar: Keeping your blood sugar levels within the target range is very important. This may include using insulin or oral medicines. Your doctor will guide you on the best plan.
• Manage Blood Pressure: High blood pressure worsens kidney damage. Medicines such as ACE inhibitors or ARBs are often used. They help protect the kidneys even if your blood pressure is normal.
• Diet and Lifestyle Changes: Eating a balanced, low-salt diet can help. A dietitian can help you plan meals that are kidney-friendly. You should also:
  • Drink enough water
  • Avoid processed foods
  • Limit protein intake if advised
  • Stop smoking
  • Exercise regularly
  • Maintain a healthy weight
• Reduce Cholesterol: Cholesterol-lowering medications may be needed. High cholesterol can worsen kidney and heart problems.
• Monitor Kidney Function: Regular tests for urine protein and kidney function help track the disease. Early action can delay progression.
• Dialysis or Transplant: If kidney failure occurs, dialysis or a kidney transplant may be required. This is usually the last stage and only happens if the kidneys can no longer function.

Yes, in many cases, diabetic nephropathy can be prevented or slowed down. The key is early diagnosis and good management of diabetes. Here are some tips:

• Keep your blood sugar in control
• Monitor your blood pressure regularly
• Go for annual kidney check-ups
• Avoid smoking
• Stay active and eat well
• Take all medications as prescribed
• Reduce alcohol intake

Following a healthy lifestyle can protect your kidneys for a longer time. It’s important to stay in touch with your healthcare team and follow their advice closely.

At RBH (Rukmani Birla Hospital), Jaipur, we offer specialised care for diabetic nephropathy. Here’s why you can trust us:

• Expert Team: Our team includes experienced nephrologists, endocrinologists, dietitians, and diabetes educators. They work together to give you the best care.
• Advanced Diagnostics: We use modern tools and tests to detect kidney damage early. Early diagnosis helps in better treatment planning.
• Personalised Treatment Plan: Every patient is different. We create a care plan that suits your condition, lifestyle, and health needs.
• Holistic Care: We look beyond just medicine. Our team also guides you on diet, exercise, and stress management to support your overall health.
• State-of-the-art Facilities: RBH Jaipur has advanced dialysis units and transplant support services. If you need these treatments, we offer them in a clean, safe, and professional setting.
• Focus on Prevention: We believe in prevention and education. Our team helps you understand your condition and teaches you how to manage it well.
• Patient-Centred Approach: Your comfort and care come first. Our staff is supportive and friendly, ensuring you feel heard and cared for at every step.