Obesity

Healthcare experts have categorized types of obesity into three classes. These three types are representations of BMI. These three classes help the experts in assessing what treatment options are suitable for every individual. Here are these types of obesity: 

• Class I obesity: BMI 30 to <35 kg/m²
• Class II obesity: BMI 35 to <40 kg/m²
• Class III obesity: BMI 40+ kg/m²

One of the primary reasons for obesity is consuming extra calories than the body requires. There are many causes of obesity such as: 

• Fast and convenient food options like ready-to-eat 
• Sugary and starchy food items including beverages 
• Marketing and advertising food items involving people into processes food options
• Psychological factors like boredom, depression, illness, and anxiety 
• Hormonal imbalances 
• Using certain medications

If the BMI or body mass index is not as per the bodily requirements, it is very important to consult the doctor immediately. They will diagnose the problem and offer treatment that is right as per individual requirements. Here are the usual requirements to maintain BMI:

BMI and weight status 

• Below 18.5-Underweight 
• 18.5-24.9-Healthy 
• 25.0-29.9-Overweight
• 30.0 and higher- Obesity

Obesity might lead to developing different complications such as:

• Type 2 diabetes 
• Cardiovascular diseases
• Fatty liver diseases
• Kidney diseases
• Gallstones 
• Osteoarthritis
• Gout 
• Back pain
• Female infertility 
• Depression and anxiety 
• Certain cancers type

Obesity treatment plan entirely depends on the complete health of a patient. The overall treatment plan often is gradual and includes various factors. Every individual’s body is different so for some patients the changes in treatment might be quick while for some it might take time. Here is the treatment plan usually recommended to the patients: 

• Dietary changes: This treatment plays an important role as requires personal efforts to lose weight. Some people might lose weight by cutting portion sizes or adding snacks between meals, while for some it is about changing the complete diet. Doctors often recommend including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in the diet as it keeps the stomach full for long periods. 
• Increased activity: It is a well-known fact that only making dietary changes won’t help and this is why doctors recommend walking at least 30 minutes a day for five days a week. Making this much change only will go a long way. 
• Behavioral therapies: Doctors also recommend cognitive behavioral therapy which involves counseling, support groups, and methods. It is helpful in the weight loss journey as this therapy helps in rewiring the brain and supports positive alterations. Therapy also benefits in managing stress and addressing emotional and psychological factors. 
• Medications: The doctor might involve medicines along with other obesity treatment options. Medicines can intercept the brain pathways affecting hunger. Certain common drugs are recommended such as Orlistat, phentermine, benzphetamine, liraglutide, semaglutide, and bupropion-naltrexone.
• Bariatric surgery: If the patient is diagnosed with obesity, bariatric surgery is the option. It is a highly-effective and long-term solution. Different bariatic procedures can be considered such as gastric band, duodenal switch, gastric bypass, and gastric sleeve.

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