Pulmonology is the branch of medical sciences that handles the evaluation, prevention, therapeutics, and medical interventions of a wide range of respiratory diseases (including the lungs and respiratory tract). Some of the common respiratory conditions include tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, pneumonia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, interstitial lung diseases, sleep apnoea, sarcoidosis, and other chest-related ailments.

The Department of Pulmonology at BM Birla Heart Hospital is manned with a well-coordinated team of expert pulmonologists, interventional radiologists, cardiologists, rehab specialists, pathologists, patient counselors, and other health care professionals that develops customized treatment plans according to the patient needs. They form a dedicated staff of the department who have a sole focus to provide the patients with outstanding comprehensive and personalized care services in a patient-focused environment.

• Pleurodesis
• Rigid and Flexible bronchoscopy
• Bronchial stenting (Airway stenting)
• Balloon bronchoplasty
• Lung or Lymph node biopsy
•  Pleuroscopy
• Removal of foreign body from respiratory tract or lungs
• Bronchoscopicthermoplasty
• Thoracentesis
• Bronchoalveolar lavage
• Indwelling pleural catheter
   

• Pulmonary functional laboratory: This is a fully-equipped modern diagnostic unit of the department that performs various tests for checking lung functioning. The studies to analyze various lung aspects includes spirometry (to estimate lung size and check for the rate of airflow), respiratory drive (the output intensity of respiratory centers to find out the effort put in each breath), plethysmography (to measure lung volumes), chest wall compliance (measured by calculating the change in lung volume for every change in transpulmonary pressure), impulse oscillation testing (to find out how narrow is airway as a measure to test airway resistance), and lung diffusion capacity (to evaluate the oxygen transfer from lungs to the bloodstream). 
• Clinical pulmonology: It includes different treatment procedures like the use of certain medications, oxygen therapy, and surgeries like Bullectomy (to remove bullae-large air spaces) and lung volume reduction surgery.
• Sleep care unit: The patients suffering from sleep disorders like parasomnia (sleepwalking), Insomnia, Obstructive Sleep Apnoea, Daytime sleepiness, delayed phase sleep syndrome, narcolepsy, sleep movement disorders, sleep deprivation, and snoring or disordered breathing are taken care of in this unknit of the department. The common treatments carried here include maintenance of wakefulness testing (performed at the day to check patient’s ability to stay away during daytime), continuous positive airway pressure therapy (for treating sleep apnoea), sleep study or overnight diagnostic polysomnogram (includes the recording of heart rate, brain waves, breathing, blood oxygen levels, and leg and eye movements during sleep), and multiple sleep latency tests (to assess excessive sleepiness idiopathic hypersomnia). 
• Interventional Pulmonology: This unit provides a minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment approach for several thoracic and pulmonary diseases such as pleural effusions, lung cancer, asthma, amyloidosis, and emphysema. Some of the advanced treatments available here include Flexible and Rigid bronchoscopy, Pleurodesis, Medical thoracoscopy, Endobronchial Ultrasound, and Pleural Aspiration.
• Pulmonary Critical care unit: The acute life-threatening lung ailments or high-risk patients are provided medical assistance in the critical intensive care unit using cutting-edge technologies. The ICU, operation theatres, and ambulance that works round-the-clock are well-equipped with invasive and non-invasive advanced ventilators, ultrasonography, cardiac and vital monitoring systems, echocardiography, bedside dialysis, hemodynamic monitoring, and advanced life-resuscitative units for life support in emergency cases.
• Asthma and allergy unit: This unit deals with all the allergies that affect the lungs or respiratory system and shortness of breath or asthma. Some major Asthma and allergy treatment procedures include short or long-acting inhalers, inhaled corticosteroids, allergy shots, and anti-immunoglobulin therapy.
• Pulmonary rehabilitation center: This unit takes care of patients who have been operated on or treated for serious pulmonary illnesses to improve their life quality. It includes physical training, yoga focused on healthy lung functioning, breathing exercises, incentive spirometry, smoking cessation, and postural drainage.