Gallstone Treatment in Kolkata| CMRI Hospital

Gallstones, small crystalline deposits in the gallbladder, can cause excruciating pain and serious complications. Understanding their causes, symptoms, and treatment options is crucial for managing this common yet troublesome condition effectively.

If you're considering treatment for gallstones, reach out to us, or book a direct appointment with our general surgeon. At the CMRI Hospital in Kolkata, we are dedicated to ensuring that your gallstone treatment is as safe, comfortable, and effective as possible. We're here to guide you every step of the way towards a successful recovery.

What are the causes of gallstones?

Gallstones, predominantly cholesterol or pigment (bilirubin) based, develop due to excess bile ingredients solidifying in the gallbladder or bile ducts:

Excess cholesterol: The liver extracts cholesterol for bile production. Elevated blood cholesterol can disrupt bile composition.
Excess bilirubin: Resulting from excessive red blood cell breakdown or liver impairment, leading to imbalanced bile.
Insufficient bile acids: Diseases causing bile acid malabsorption result in lipid excess in bile.
Cholestasis or gallbladder stasis: Inactivity in bile movement due to muscle or chemical signalling issues increases sediment formation.

Risks if gallstones are not treated timely and properly?

If gallstones are untreated, complications include:

Cholecystitis: Gallbladder inflammation brought on by a blockage.
Infection: Bacterial growth in the gallbladder leading to cholangitis.
Pancreatitis: Inflammation of the pancreas from duct blockage.
Jaundice: Buildup of bilirubin causing yellowing of skin and eyes.
Biliary colic: Intermittent severe abdominal pain from gallstone movement.
Gallstone ileus: Obstruction in the small intestine causing severe symptoms.
Gallbladder cancer risk: Long-standing inflammation may lead to cancer.

Untreated symptoms like abdominal pain, fever, jaundice, or persistent nausea warrant immediate medical attention to prevent severe complications.

Types of gallstones?

Gallstones are primarily categorised into two main types: cholesterol gallstones and pigment gallstones.

Cholesterol gallstones: Most common, formed from cholesterol imbalance in bile; influenced by obesity, high-fat diet, and rapid weight loss.
Pigment gallstones:
- Black pigment: Small, dark stones due to excess bilirubin; associated with cirrhosis, and hemolytic anaemia.
- Brown pigment: Softer, greasier stones linked to bile duct infections and obstruction, leading to bacterial overgrowth.

Gallstones vary in size, ranging from grain-like to golf ball-sized, causing a spectrum of symptoms and complications depending on type, size, and location within the gallbladder or bile ducts.

Types of gallstone treatment?

Most of the time, gallstones don’t require treatment unless they cause pain. Sometimes they pass unnoticed. Surgery is often recommended if pain occurs, although medication is an option in rare cases.

Surgery

Cholecystectomy: Removal of the gallbladder, a common procedure with minimal impact on health.

Laparoscopic: Minimally invasive, typically with a quick recovery.
Open: Done for complications or when laparoscopic isn't feasible.

After surgery, loose stools may occur due to bile rerouting.

Nonsurgical treatments

Oral Dissolution Therapy: Slowly breaks down stones with medications like ursodiol and chenodiol.
Shock Wave Lithotripsy: Uses shock waves to break up stones.
Percutaneous Drainage: Involves needle aspiration for those unsuitable for other procedures.

Monitoring might be necessary throughout life, as gallstones can recur, particularly without surgical intervention.

Average cost of a gallstone treatment?

The cost of a gallstone treatment varies as per the specific type advised by a healthcare provider, such as:

Cholecystectomy (laparoscopic/open)
Oral Dissolution Therapy
Shock Wave Lithotripsy
Percutaneous Drainage

The cost can also vary widely depending on several factors, including the location, the extent of the procedure, the surgeon's experience, and the hospital's pricing structure.

To get an explicit estimate for the cost of a gallstone treatment at the CK Birla Hospital in Kolkata, contact the hospital directly. Additionally, you can consult with our board-certified general surgeon to discuss your specific needs and receive a personalised quote for the procedure.

How can you prevent gallstones?

Preventing gallstones involves lifestyle habits and dietary changes, such as:

Maintain a healthy weight: Obesity significantly increases the risk.
Eat a balanced diet: Add healthy grains, lean proteins, fruits, and vegetables.
Stay hydrated: Drink at least 8 glasses of water daily to prevent dehydration, a contributing factor to gallstone formation.
Limit refined sugars and carbs: High intake increases risk.
Be cautious with rapid weight loss: Gradual loss is safer.
Exercise regularly: Aim for 30 minutes most days to maintain a healthy weight and reduce risk.

Consume alcohol moderately, quit smoking, take medication under supervision, and discuss hormone therapy risks with a healthcare provider to reduce gallstone risk.

What are the advantages of laparoscopic/robotic gallbladder surgery over traditional open gallbladder surgery?

The advantages of laparoscopic/robotic gallbladder surgery over traditional open gallbladder surgery are summarised below:

Feature	Laparoscopic/Robotic Surgery	Open Surgery
Incision size	Small, keyhole incisions	Larger, single incision
Recovery time	Generally shorter	Longer
Postoperative pain	Typically less	Typically more
Hospital stay	Shorter (often same-day discharge)	Longer
Cosmetic result	Minimal scarring	More noticeable scar
Return to normal activities	Quicker	Slower

However, the choice between laparoscopic/robotic and open surgery depends on individual patient factors and surgeon expertise. Each method has its own set of advantages and should be considered in the context of the patient's overall health and specific circumstances.

What is the diagnosis before a gallstone treatment?

Your doctor will check your eyes and skin for colour changes, indicating jaundice from excess bilirubin. Diagnostic tests will be conducted, like:

Ultrasound: Preferred for gallstone disease and acute cholecystitis detection.
Abdominal CT scan: Images of liver and abdomen.
Gallbladder radionuclide scan: Injects radioactive substance to detect infections or blockages in bile ducts.
Blood tests: Measure bilirubin levels and liver function. These tests help diagnose and monitor conditions.

What are the pre-treatment/surgery instructions for a gallstone treatment?

Before gallstone treatment or surgery, patients receive specific instructions:

Fasting: Abstain from food and drink, including water.
Medication: Adjust medication as directed by the healthcare provider.
Evaluation: Undergo preoperative tests such as blood work and imaging scans.
Risk discussion: Engage in a thorough discussion on the procedure's risks and benefits.
Smoking: Quit smoking to minimise surgical risks.
Substance use: Stay away from recreational drugs and alcohol.
Transportation: Make plans for your travel to and from the hospital.
Dietary guidelines: Follow specific dietary instructions.
Hygiene: Shower with antibacterial soap before surgery.
Fasting rules: Adhere strictly to fasting guidelines to prevent procedure cancellation or delay.

Following these instructions ensures optimal surgical outcomes and reduces the likelihood of complications.

What are the post-surgery instructions for a gallstone treatment?

After gallstone treatment like laparoscopic cholecystectomy, post-surgery instructions include:

Activity and rest: Gradually increase activity level while ensuring plenty of rest.
Pain management: Follow prescribed medication or over-the-counter pain relievers.
Dietary guidelines: Start with clear liquids, avoid fatty foods, and reintroduce high-fibre foods gradually.
Incision care: Keep incisions clean, and dry, and follow wound care instructions.
Monitoring for complications: Watch for signs like fever, excessive pain, or bleeding; contact healthcare providers if noted.
Follow-up appointments: Attend all scheduled visits for monitoring and addressing concerns.
Gradual return to normal activities: Resume normal activities cautiously, avoiding heavy lifting or strenuous exercise.
Medication management: Take prescribed medications, including antibiotics if prescribed.
Avoid alcohol and tobacco: Steer clear of alcohol and tobacco to promote healing and prevent complications.

How do you recover after a gallstone treatment?

Recovering from gallstone treatment varies depending on the procedure:

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (Gallbladder Removal)

Short hospital stay
Pain management with prescribed medications
Gradual transition to solid foods
Light activities encouraged
Follow-up with a surgeon for monitoring and stitches removal.

Medication

Dietary changes to prevent gallstone formation
Strict medication compliance
Regular check-ups with a doctor for monitoring.

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Gradual diet progression
Monitoring for complications like pancreatitis
Regular follow-ups and imaging tests.

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL)

Follow-up appointments and imaging tests
Pain management with OTC medications
Low-fat diet recommendation.

Follow the healthcare provider's instructions and seek help for any concerns.

Why should you choose CMRI Hospitals in Kolkata for gallstone treatment?

CMRI Hospital, Kolkata is among the eminent multi-special hospitals operating in the city for decades. The hospital has integrated the most amazing and experienced doctors including other staff members. We ensure dedicating ourselves to offering exceptional and satisfactory patient care. The primary objective behind the inception of this hospital is to make healthcare services available to everyone at an affordable cost including the finest treatment. So, if you are looking for a general surgeon in Kolkata, then get in touch with our most skilled and highly talented healthcare professionals at CMRI.